Isingeniso
Ukugcwala ngokweqile nokulayishwa ngokweqile kwamaloli ngokungemthetho akugcini nje ngokucekela phansi imigwaqo emikhulu namabhuloho, kodwa futhi kubangela kalula izingozi zomgwaqo futhi kubeke engozini ukuphepha kwezimpilo zabantu kanye nempahla.Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezu kuka-80% wezingozi zomgwaqo ezidalwa amaloli zihlobene nokugcwala nokugcwala ngokweqile.
Imodi yokuhlola ezokuthutha evamile egcwele ukweqisa kanye nokulayishwa ngokweqile inokusebenza kahle kokugcinwa komthetho, okulula ukubangela isenzakalo sokushiywa kwemoto ngokweqile, futhi imodi yokulawula indawo yokuqinisekisa ukuphoqelela okuqondile incike ohlelweni lokukala oluzenzakalelayo oluguquguqukayo ukuze lizibonele, lihlonze futhi libuke ngokuzenzakalelayo. izimoto ezidlulayo ubusuku nemini, ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okunembayo nangempumelelo kwezimoto ezigcwele ngokweqile nezigcwele ngokweqile.Ukuze kuqiniswe ukubuswa kokuziphatha kwezokuthutha okugcwele kakhulu, kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezikhungo zothelawayeka kanye nempilo yabantu kanye nempahla, uhlelo lokuphoqelela okuqondile lokugcwala kwemigwaqo kancane kancane luye lwakhuthazwa ngokugcwele futhi lwasetshenziswa emgwaqeni onguthelawayeka, futhi ukulawula ukugcwala komgwaqo omkhulu kuye kwazuzwa ngendlela emangalisayo. imiphumela, kanye nokulawulwa kwezinga lokugingqika komgwaqo onguthelawayeka kulawulwa ku-0.5%, futhi ukugcwala nokugcwala ngokweqile kwemigwaqo emikhulu evamile nakho kunqandwe ngempumelelo.
Uhlaka lwesistimu yokuphoqelela okuqondile
1. Uhlaka nemisebenzi yohlelo lokubusa
Imodi yokuqinisa okuqondile isho ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kwedatha efanelekile njengesisindo sezimoto ezidlulayo emishinini yokukala enesivinini esikhulu nenembile, ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi izimoto ezithwala impahla zilayishwe ngokweqile futhi ziyathuthwa, futhi zithembele ezindleleni zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe uthole ubufakazi, futhi wazise futhi ubhekane nabo kamuva.
Uhlelo lolwazi lokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi lukazwelonke luhlelwa futhi lwakhiwa uMnyango Wezokuthutha, futhi idatha yesistimu yesifundazwe ixhunywe futhi yabelwane, inikeze ukwesekwa kokuxhumana kwamabhizinisi phakathi kongqongqoshe nezifundazwe, nokwengamela ngempumelelo ukubusa kuzwelonke kanye nokubusa okuphezulu. umsebenzi;Iphrojekthi yezinga lesifundazwe izohlelwa futhi yakhiwe umnyango wezokuthutha wesifundazwe (isifunda esizimele, umasipala) ukuze ufeze imisebenzi yokuphathwa kwebhizinisi kanye nenkonzo endaweni, usekele amazinga esifundazwe, kamasipala kanye nezifunda ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlola, futhi uxhumane nesistimu yezinga lenkonzo.
Uma sithatha iZhejiang njengesibonelo, uhlelo lokuphatha olunenethiwekhi lwesifundazwe lusebenzisa uhlaka olunezingqimba ezine kanye nokuphatha okunezigaba ezintathu ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi, okumi kanje:
1) Inkundla yokubusa kwesifundazwe
Idlala indima yezinkundla eziyisithupha ezinkulu ohlelweni lokubusa olunenethiwekhi lwesifundazwe, okuyilawa: inkundla yesikhungo sedatha eyisisekelo, inkundla yokushintshisana ngedatha, inkundla yesijeziso sokuphatha, inkundla yokwahlulela eyisiza engekho emthethweni ngesikhathi esisodwa, inkundla yokuhlola nokuhlola kanye nenkundla yokuhlaziya izibalo kanye nesiteji.Xhumana nenethiwekhi yesevisi kahulumeni wesifundazwe ukuze uthole imininingwane egciniwe yodaba, isizindalwazi sokuzikhethela, kanye nesizindalwazi sabasebenzi bokugcinwa komthetho, futhi ubike imininingwane yokuphatha isijeziso sokuphatha ngesikhathi sangempela;Ukuma ngohlelo lwamaphoyisa omgwaqo ukuze uthole ulwazi lwezimoto ezithwala impahla kanye nolwazi lomshayeli, ukukopisha imininingwane yezokuthutha eyeqile ngokungemthetho;Ukumiswa ngohlelo lokuphatha ezokuthutha ukuze kutholwe ulwazi ngamabhizinisi ezokuthutha, izimoto ezithwala impahla, njll., kanye nokukopisha imininingwane yezokuthutha eyeqile ngokungemthetho;Isifanekiso sedokhumenti ehlanganisiwe nolwazi oluyisisekelo kanye nohlu lokuvinjelwa/ukuphathwa kwamalayisensi esiteshini sokubusa;Qaphela isinqumo esisizayo senhlawulo eyodwa yohambo olulodwa lwezokuthutha ezinkulu;Ukuhlola kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kweziteshi zokuqapha zesifundazwe kanye nokusebenza kwebhizinisi elilawula kakhulu;Ngokusebenzisa izibalo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha, inqubomgomo yesifundazwe yokubusa kanye nokubusa okuphezulu kuyahlolwa, futhi nokwesekwa okulinganiselwe kunikezwa ukuze kwethulwe inqubomgomo;Nikeza ukwesekwa okufanele kwezomthetho nokulawula komsebenzi wokuphatha kuwo wonke amazinga, futhi kusungulwe imininingwane egciniwe yebhizinisi ezingeni lesifundazwe, likamasipala, kanye nezifunda.
2) Imojula yokuphatha yezinga lesifunda
Ibhekele ukuphathwa okuphelele kolwazi lwebhizinisi oluyisisekelo endaweni, ukuhlaziya izibalo zolwazi oludlulele, ukuhlolwa kokugcinwa komthetho kwedolobha lendawo, ukucutshungulwa kabusha kwecala lokuphatha, ukuthunyelwa kwebhizinisi, ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kwedolobha lendawo.
3) Imojula enkulu yokubusa kwesifunda nesifunda
Yamukela futhi ugcine idatha yezindawo ezihlukahlukene zokutholwa kwe-overrun kanye nezinsiza endaweni (okuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zedatha yokuthola okweqile, izithombe namavidiyo).Qoqa/buyekeza/qinisekisa idatha eyeqile ngokungemthetho endaweni, ukugcinwa kwamafayela kungobo yomlando, kanye nezibalo ezifanele, ukuhlaziya nokuboniswa esifundeni nesifunda.
4) Iziteshi zokuhlola eziqondiswe ngqo
Ngemishini yokukala neyokuthwebula eguquguqukayo emiswe emgwaqeni, isisindo, ipuleti lelayisense kanye nolunye ulwazi olufanele lweloli elidlulayo kutholakala.
2. Ukubunjwa kanye nomsebenzi wesistimu yokuphoqelela okuqondile
Impahla yasendle yesistimu yokuqinisa okuqondile (bheka uMdwebo 1) ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa okokukala nokuhlonza okuzenzakalelayo, okokuthwebula imoto nokokuhlonza, izinsiza zokwazisa ngokuziphatha okungekho emthethweni, okokusebenza kokugada ividiyo, njll.
1) Imishini yokukala: okuhlanganisa izinzwa zokukala, izilawuli zesisindo (amakhompyutha ezimboni), abasabalalisi bezimoto, njll., kufanele ziqinisekiswe yizikhungo zokulinganisa ezifanele, futhi imiphumela yokukala ingasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokujeziswa.
2) Imishini yokuqaphela nokuthwebula enencazelo ephezulu: esetshenziselwa ukuqoqa izithombe zezimoto, okuhlanganisa izinombolo zezinombolo zezimoto, izimo zomzimba, izinombolo zamapuleti nemibala ekwazi ukuhlonza izimoto.
I-3) Imishini yokuqapha ividiyo: ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokugada amavidiyo ukuze kutholwe inqubo yokutholwa kwemishini yokukala okuzenzakalelayo yamaloli, kanye nolwazi lokuqapha olutholwe imishini yokuqapha ividiyo lungasetshenziswa njengobufakazi.
4) Impahla yokukhishwa kolwazi: ngokusebenzisa ibhodi lemininingwane eguquguqukayo, imoto ehloliwe futhi yagingqika ingakhishwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze idlule isaziso, futhi iqondise umshayeli weloli endaweni eseduze yokulayisha ukuze ithulule.
Idizayini yezindawo zokuthola ukuphoqelela okuqondile
Ukukhetha indawo yephrojekthi
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokugcwala ngokweqile, iziteshi zokuhlola ukuqiniswa komthetho kufanele zikhethwe ngokuhambisana nomgomo "wokuhlela konke kanye nesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe", futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kufanele kunikezwe imigwaqo enezici ezilandelayo:
1) Amaloli agcwele kakhulu noma amaloli kufanele adlule emgwaqeni;
2) imigwaqo exhunywe kumabhuloho ayisihluthulelo avikelwe;
3) Imingcele yesifundazwe, imingcele yomasipala kanye nezinye izindawo zokuphatha ezihlanganisa imigwaqo;
4) Imigwaqo yasemakhaya okulula ukuthi izimoto ziphambuke.
2. Umklamo wesikhungo sokukala
2.1.Izikali zamaloli anamandla
I-Dynamic truck scale iyithuluzi lokukala elizenzakalelayo elisetshenziselwa ukukala isisindo se-longitudinal (isisindo esiphelele), umthwalo we-ekseli, nomthwalo weqembu lapho imoto idlula, futhi inomthwalo omkhulu.
Idivayisi, ingxenye yokucubungula idatha kanye nethuluzi lokubonisa kwakhiwa, lapho ingxenye yokucubungula idatha ngokuvamile iklanywa ngendlela yekhabhinethi yokulawula.Ngokusho kwabathwali abahlukene, izikali zamaloli ashukumisayo zingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwemoto, uhlobo lomthwalo we-axle, uhlobo lwesiteji esiphindwe kabili, uhlobo lweqembu le-axle, uhlobo lwenhlanganisela yokuhlelwa okuningi, kanye nohlobo lwepuleti eliyisicaba nakho kungabhekwa njengesigaba sohlobo lweqembu le-axle.Umgomo wokusebenza komthwali ukukala isignali kagesi lapho othwala isondo ethwele umthwalo, bese uyiguqula ibe yinqwaba yemoto ngokusebenzisa i-amplification kanye nokucubungula isignali, engahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-strain gauge kanye nekristalu ye-quartz. uhlobo.
Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba kokutholwa, isikali samaloli esiguqukayo esifanelekile kufanele sikhethwe ngokwezimo zomgwaqo, futhi kukhuthazwe ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha bokukala isisindo ngokunemba okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi futhi ngokuhambisana namazinga kufanele kukhuthazwe, futhi amaloli angafakwa kulayini futhi adlule endaweni yokuthola isisindo esingami angahlukaniswa ngokunembile.
2.2.Ukusatshalaliswa kwemishini yangaphandle
Umfanekiso wesi-2 uwumdwebo wesakhiwo ojwayelekile weziteshi zokuphoqelela okuqondile, futhi Ithebula 1 yizidingo zokusebenza zemishini eyinhloko.Lapho indawo yokuthola ukuphoqelela okuqondile isethwe kumgwaqo owodwa ohamba ngezinyawo, isikali seloli esiguqukayo kufanele sisethwe kuwo wonke umgwaqo ophambanayo, futhi uma yonke ingxenye enqamulayo ingakwazi ukusethwa ngenxa yemibandela, izinsiza zokuhlukanisa ezifana nokungalungile- indlela yokushayela nokugibela kufanele kwengezwe ukuze kugwenywe izimoto ezibalekela ukukala.
Umfanekiso 2. Umdwebo ojwayelekile wesiteshi sokuphoqelela okuqondile
Ithebula 1.Izimfuneko Zokusebenza Zedivayisi Engukhiye
| Igama ledivayisi | Izidingo zesici esibalulekile: | |
| 1 | Izikali zamaloli ezinamandla | Ingakwazi ukubona ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi, inani lama-ekseli, isivinini, umthwalo we-ekseli eyodwa, isisindo esiphelele semoto nempahla, i-wheelbase kanye nolunye ulwazi lwemoto;Ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile imodi yomugqa ngokusebenzisa imoto yezimpahla;Ingakwazi ukubhekana nesimo sokushayela esingavamile sezimoto ezithwala impahla njengokushintshwa komzila kanye nokuphulwa kwesivinini;Ingakwazi ukudlulisa ulwazi lokugingqika kweloli eliphambili ohlelweni lokuphatha ngesikhathi sangempela;Ingahlangabezana nomsebenzi ongaphazamiseki wesimo sezulu sonke esimweni esingagadiwe;Kufanele ibe nomsebenzi wokuzihlola iphutha |
| 2 | Ukuqashelwa kwepuleti lelayisense kanye nempahla yokuthwebula | kufanele ifakwe isibani sokugcwalisa noma isibani esikhanyayo;Ingakwazi ukuthwebula ngokucacile inombolo yepuleti lelayisense, inokucushwa kokuvikela imvelo, futhi kunconywa ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kokugcwalisa okuthathu kokukodwa ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa kokukhanya;Ikhono lokuthwebula izithombe zezinombolo zemoto yezimpahla ngefomethi ye-JPG yohlaka olugcwele;Kufanele ikwazi ukuthwebula isithombe esingu-1 esinencazelo ephezulu yangaphambili, futhi ngokolwazi lwesithombe, kufanele ikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile indawo yamapuleti emoto ethwala impahla, izici zangaphambili nezekhebhu, kanye nombala wangaphambili. yemoto;Ukuhlonzwa kwemoto nokokusebenza kokuthwebula kufanele kukwazi ukuthwebula isithombe semoto edlula endaweni yokuthola isisindo esingami kuma-engeli amaningi ukusuka ohlangothini nomsila, futhi kufanele ikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile inani lama-ekseli emoto yomthwalo, umbala womzimba, kanye nesimo esiyisisekelo sezimpahla ezithuthiwe ngokusho kolwazi lwesithombe;Ukuhlonza imoto kanye nemishini yokuthwebula kufanele ibe nomsebenzi wokuzihlola wena onephutha;Idivayisi yokuthwebula umcimbi ongavamile isekela umsebenzi wokutholwa kokuwela kwemoto okungavamile kanye nolayini wokuminyana. |
| 3 | Imishini yokugada ividiyo | Izithombe ze-Forensic kufanele okungenani zibe amaphikseli ayizigidi ezingu-2 futhi kufanele zivikeleke. |
| 4 | Izinsiza Zokushicilela Ulwazi | Kufanele ikwazi ukukhulula ulwazi lokutholwa kwemoto eyeqile kumshayeli wemoto eyeqile ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi kufanele ikwazi ukubona ukushintshana kombhalo, ukuskrola nezinye izindlela zokubonisa. |
Uma imoto itholwa ukuthi isolwa ngokulayishwa ngokweqile, ipuleti lelayisense lizovezwa ebhodini lemininingwane eliguquguqukayo futhi imoto izoqondiswa endaweni yokuhlola ezokuthutha egcwele kakhulu eseduze ukuze icutshungulwe.Ibanga lokubeka phakathi kwebhodi lolwazi kanye nesikali samaloli ashukumisayo kufanele lihlangabezane nezidingo zombono wemoto, futhi kunconywa ukuba kukhethwe uhlobo olufanele lwebhodi lolwazi oluguquguqukayo kanye nebanga lokubeka ngokuya ngezimo zomgwaqo;Lapho ibanga eliphakathi kwebhodi lolwazi nesikali seloli elishintshashintshayo lingahlangabezani nezidingo zokubonakala komshayeli ngenxa yemibandela yokuhleleka komgwaqo, kunconywa ukuba kukhawulwe isivinini sokushayela iloli noma ulungise i-engeli yezinhlayiya ze-LED zebhodi lolwazi ukuze uthuthukise isikhathi sokubonakala komshayeli.
3. Ukuklanywa kwezinyathelo zokunciphisa amaphutha esisindo
Ngokwezidingo zokuhlukaniswa kokulayisha ngokweqile ezingeni lokuhlawuliswa, esimweni sokugijima kwesivinini esingu-1~80km/h, isisindo esiphelele semoto nempahla esikalweni esiguqukayo kufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo zezinga lokunemba lika-10, futhi iphesenti yenani langempela okuvunyelwene ngalo lesisindo esiphelele semoto alidluli iphutha lokuhlolwa kokuqala nokuhlolwa okulandelayo
± 5.00%, futhi iphutha lokuhlola elisetshenziswayo alidluli ku-±10.0%.
Ukuze kuncishiswe iphutha elibangelwa yizici ze-pavement esikalini, indawo egandayiwe endaweni ethinta ukukala ngaphambi nangemuva kwemishini yokukala eziteshini zokuphoqelela umthetho kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
I-1) I-longitudinal slope akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-2%, futhi i-slope lateral ye-pavement akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-2%;
2) lapho ku-pavement ye-cement, i-deformation joint, i-tie rod kanye ne-filler ihlelwa phakathi kwekhonkrithi ye-backfill ye-cement kanye nomgwaqo okhona we-cement;
I-3) Lapho i-asphalt i-pavement, inguquko ye-gradient yamukelwa phakathi kokhonkolo we-backfill usimende kanye ne-asphalt surface course.Isiteshi sokuqinisekisa ukuqondisa
izindawo zokukhetha kufanele zigweme ukufakwa kulezi zigaba zomgwaqo ezilandelayo:
1) Ingxenye yomgwaqo ebangeni elingama-200m ukusuka ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo;
2) inani lemizila elishintshayo esigabeni somgwaqo;
3) i-overpass (ithonya le-aerodynamic) kanye nezigaba zebhuloho (ukufana okungekuhle);
4) izingxenye zamabhuloho noma ezinye izakhiwo ezizoba nomthelela onamandla ezimotweni;
5) Izingxenye ezingaphansi noma eduze kweziteshi zomsakazo kanye namathrekhi kaloliwe ngaphansi kwezintambo zikagesi ezinamandla amakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuncishiswe iphutha lesisindo elibangelwa ukuziphatha kokushayela kwemoto, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe esigabeni sokukala:
1) Uma umzila wokushayela unemizila eminingi, ulayini ohlukanisayo uthatha umugqa oqinile, futhi izimoto azivunyelwe ukushintsha imizila;
2) Uma ukulungiswa kwesigaba somgwaqo kuhle futhi kulula ukusheshisa, setha uphawu lomkhawulo weloli phambi kwendawo yokuthola isisindo;
3) Ukuze kunqandwe imikhuba yokushayela egwema ngamabomu isijeziso esifana nokuvimba izinombolo zezinombolo, ukushayela ngendlela engafanele, nokubeka ulayini nokuhlephula, kunganezelwa ukuthwebula okungekho emthethweni nokokuhlonza.
Isiphetho
Ukufingqa, ukuhlelwa kwezindawo zokuthola ukuphoqelela okuqondile kufanele kunqunywe ngokugcwele ngemva kokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela inethiwekhi yemigwaqo yesifunda, izimo zomgwaqo kanye nemvelo ezungezile, futhi umklamo wokunciphisa amaphutha kufanele wenziwe ngokuvumelana nezimo zomgwaqo wendawo yokufaka ukuze kuncishiswe. amaphutha kunqubo yokusebenza nokulungiswa.Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokwakha isisindo esinyakazayo, ngaphezu kokuhlela okuphelele nokukhethwa okunengqondo kwezindawo zokuhlela, kuyadingeka futhi ukucacisa isiphathimandla sokuphatha, ukuxhumanisa abaphathi abavela eminyangweni eminingi nama-engeli, nokulwela ukunciphisa ukugcwala ngokweqile. ukuziphatha okuvela emthonjeni.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-09-2024